Etcd backup/restore (manual process)

It is possible to manually snapshot the etcd state for a HostedCluster, currently this is a fully manual process and requires API downtime.

Creating the Etcd snapshot

First we must Pause reconciliation of the HostedCluster:

oc patch -n clusters hostedclusters/${CLUSTER_NAME} -p '{"spec":{"pausedUntil":"'${PAUSED_UNTIL}'"}}' --type=merge

Now stop all etcd-writer deployments:

oc scale deployment -n ${HOSTED_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} --replicas=0 kube-apiserver openshift-apiserver openshift-oauth-apiserver

You can now perform an etcd snapshot via exec in each etcd container:

oc exec -it etcd-0 -n ${HOSTED_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} -- env ETCDCTL_API=3 /usr/bin/etcdctl --cacert /etc/etcd/tls/client/etcd-client-ca.crt --cert /etc/etcd/tls/client/etcd-client.crt --key /etc/etcd/tls/client/etcd-client.key --endpoints=localhost:2379 snapshot save /var/lib/data/snapshot.db
oc exec -it etcd-0 -n ${HOSTED_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} -- env ETCDCTL_API=3 /usr/bin/etcdctl -w table snapshot status /var/lib/data/snapshot.db

The snapshot data can then be copied to some location where it can be later retrieved, for example S3:

BUCKET_NAME=somebucket
FILEPATH="/${BUCKET_NAME}/${CLUSTER_NAME}-snapshot.db"
CONTENT_TYPE="application/x-compressed-tar"
DATE_VALUE=`date -R`
SIGNATURE_STRING="PUT\n\n${CONTENT_TYPE}\n${DATE_VALUE}\n${FILEPATH}"
ACCESS_KEY=accesskey
SECRET_KEY=secret
SIGNATURE_HASH=`echo -en ${SIGNATURE_STRING} | openssl sha1 -hmac ${SECRET_KEY} -binary | base64`

oc exec -it etcd-0 -n ${HOSTED_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} -- curl -X PUT -T "/var/lib/data/snapshot.db" \
  -H "Host: ${BUCKET_NAME}.s3.amazonaws.com" \
  -H "Date: ${DATE_VALUE}" \
  -H "Content-Type: ${CONTENT_TYPE}" \
  -H "Authorization: AWS ${ACCESS_KEY}:${SIGNATURE_HASH}" \
  https://${BUCKET_NAME}.s3.amazonaws.com/${CLUSTER_NAME}-snapshot.db

If you wish to restore the snapshot on some new cluster later, ensure you have saved the encryption secret referenced from the HostedCluster resource, e.g:

oc get hostedcluster $CLUSTER_NAME -o=jsonpath='{.spec.secretEncryption.aescbc}'
{"activeKey":{"name":"CLUSTER_NAME-etcd-encryption-key"}}

# Save this secret, or the key it contains so the etcd data can later be decrypted
oc get secret ${CLUSTER_NAME}-etcd-encryption-key -o=jsonpath='{.data.key}'

Restoring an etcd snapshot

An etcd snapshot can currently only be restored on cluster creation, this can be achieved by modifying the output from create cluster --render, and defining a restoreSnapshotURL in the etcd section of the HostedCluster spec.

First we must create a pre-signed URL so the previously saved etcd snapshot can be downloaded from S3 without passing credentials to the etcd deployment, with the aws CLI this can be achieved like:

ETCD_SNAPSHOT=${ETCD_SNAPSHOT:-"s3://${BUCKET_NAME}/${CLUSTER_NAME}-snapshot.db"}
ETCD_SNAPSHOT_URL=$(aws s3 presign ${ETCD_SNAPSHOT})

Now we modify the HostedCluster spec to refer to this URL, e.g:

spec:
  etcd:
    managed:
      storage:
        persistentVolume:
          size: 4Gi
        type: PersistentVolume
        restoreSnapshotURL:
        - "${ETCD_SNAPSHOT_URL}"
    managementType: Managed

Finally you must ensure the secret referenced from the spec.secretEncryption.aescbc contains the same AES key saved in the previous steps.